General Knowledge
(Exam Held on 15-4-2012)
1. Which of the following countries recently signed a ‘Ceasefire agreement’ with ‘Karen Rebels’ ?(A) China
(B) Libya
(C) Myanmar
(D) Nepal
(E) EgyptAns : (C)2. Which of the following countries has recently decided to fix the term of the President of the country for 7 years ?(A) Iraq
(B) Myanmar
(C) Nepal
(D) Libya
(E) TurkeyAns : (E)3. India recently decided to purchase fighter planes from France. Which of the following is the name of these planes ?(A) Rafale
(B) Boeing
(C) MiG-35
(D) Lockhead Martin
(E) CassadionAns : (A)4. India is now declared free from which of the following diseases after a long battle against it ?(A) AIDS
(B) TB
(C) Cancer
(D) Polio
(E) All of theseAns : (D)5. India recently decided to give US $ 1.5 million to which of the following countries to establish Vivekanand Chair in one of its Universities ?(A) France
(B) Britain
(C) Russia
(D) Italy
(E) USAAns : (E)6. Which of the following countries is likely to join European Union in the near future ?
(A) Malta (B) Croatia (C) Hungary (D) Kenya (E) South Africa
Ans : (B)
7. Which of the following schemes is launched by the Govt. of India to develop various facilities in rural areas ?
(A) IRDP (B) NHRM (C) PPP (D) Operation Flood (E) None of these
Ans : (C)
8. Indian coastguard conducted a joint exercise named ‘Sahyog-Kaijin-XI’ with which of the following countries ?
(A) Myanmar (B) Russia (C) China (D) Sri Lanka (E) Japan
Ans : (E)
9. Who among the following won the Thailand Golf Championship held in December 2011 ?
(A) Lee Westwood (B) Charl Schwartzel (C) Alvaro Quiros (D) Paul Lawrie (E) Peter Hanson
Ans : (A)
10. India wants a ‘CEPA’ with Thailand – was the news in major newspapers. What is the full form of ‘CEPA’ as used here?
(A) Complete Economic Preference Agreement (B) Cultural and Economic Partnership Accord
(C) Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (D) Cooperation and Economic-Partnership Accord
(E) Complete Economic Partnership and Assistance
Ans : (C)
11. European Union recently decided to enforce European Stability Mechanism (ESM) w.e.f. July 2012. ESM is a system to achieve / safeguard–
(A) financial stability (B) political stability
(C) free access to oil reserves in UAE and Kuwait
(D) free access to uranium reserves in Libya
(E) interests of all the members in case of attack by Iran or any other country
Ans : (A)
12. Kovvada Nuclear Power Plant which was recently in news is being set up in–
(A) Karnataka (B) Andhra Pradesh (C) Chhattisgarh (D) Uttarakhand (E) Odisha
Ans : (B)
13. Mullaperiyar Dam is built on which of the following rivers ?
(A) Tungbhadra (B) Cauvery (C) Krishna (D) Periyar (E) Mahanadi
Ans : (D)
14. Which of the following countries is not a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)?
(A) Nigeria (B) Iran (C) Iraq (D) Algeria (E) Bangladesh
Ans : (E)
15. Which of the following books is written by Steve Waugh ?
(A) Out of My Comfort Zone : The Autobiography (B) My Life (C) Wings of Fire
(D) Long Walk to Freedom (E) Revolutionary Wealth
Ans : (A)
16. Which of the following organizations/agencies recently issued elaborate guidelines pertaining to the creation of new category of Non Banking Finance Companies
(NBFC)-Micro Finance Industries ?
(A) AMFI (B) SIDBI (C) SEBI (D) NABARD (E) RBI
Ans : (E)
17. Which of the following organizations / agencies coordinates the operations of rural credit institutions in India ?
(A) Reserve Bank of India (B) Securities and Exchange Board of India
(C) Indian Bank Association (D) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
(E) Small Industries Development Bank of India
Ans : (D)
18. Google is–
(A) Virus programme (B) Search engine (C) Website (D) Hardware (E) None of these
Ans : (B)
19. Which of the following is not a function of the Reserve Bank of India ?
(A) Issuer of currency (B) Foreign Exchange Management
(C) Bankers to Banks (D) Listing companies for trading in Stock Exchanges
(E) Bankers and Debt Manager to Govt.
Ans : (D)
20. Which of the following organizations issued Initial Public Offer (IPO) Norms for Life Insurance Companies ?
(A) CRISIL (B) SEBI (C) RBI (D) AMFI (E) IRDA
Ans : (E)
21. Which of the following states is at the top in the Child Rights Index, compiled in India for the first time ?
(A) Maharashtra (B) Kerala (C) Gujarat (D) Tamil Nadu (E) Rajasthan
Ans : (B)
22. Which of the following countries won Davis Cup Tennis Tournament 2011 ?
(A) Australia (B) Argentina (C) Germany (D) France (E) Spain
Ans : (E)
23. Which of the following metals used in Nuclear Power Plants will be imported from Australia ?
(A) Plutonium (B) Uranium (C) Thorium (D) Curium (E) Zirconium
Ans : (B)
24. Standard and Poor, better known as S&P, is a/the–
(A) Financial market intelligence agency (B) Central Bank of USA
(C) Large multinational bank (D) Body set up by the United Nations Organisation
(E) Intelligence wing of the World Bank
Ans : (A)
25. Thomas J. Sargent and Christopher A. Sims are the two recipients of Nobel prize 2011 in the field of–
(A) Physics (B) Economics (C) Chemistry (D) Literature (E) Medicine
Ans : (B)
26. The home of who among the following is named as Malgudi Home?
(A) Satyajit Ray (B) Shivram Karanth (C) R. K. Narayan (D) M. G. Ramachandran (E) H. D. Deve Gowda
Ans : (C)
27. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Awards are given for exemplary work in the field of–
(A) Sports (B) Journalism (C) Literature (D) Social Service (E) Science and Technology
Ans : (E)
28. Which of the following states has become first in India to have a ‘Carbon Inventory’ giving its total carbon emission from various sectors ?
(A) Himachal Pradesh (B) Maharashtra (C) Gujarat (D) Kerala (E) Tamil Nadu
Ans : (A)
29. As per newspaper reports how, much FDI is allowed in pension sector?
(A) 15% (B) 33% (C) 41% (D) 51% (E) None of these
Ans : (E)
30. ‘Agha Khan Cup’ is associated with the game of–
(A) Football (B) Hockey (C) Badminton (D) Cricket (E) Horse Racing
Ans : (B)
31. What does the letter ‘C’ denote in the UNICEF a well known organization operating at global level ?
(A) Credit (B) Children (C) Control (D) Cooperation (E) Crisis
Ans : (B)
32. Which of the following is India’s most advanced long range missile capable of carrying nuclear warheads?
(A) Khukri (B) Basant (C) Agni-IV (D) Vijayant-IlI (E) Sindhudurg-II
Ans : (C)
33. Who among the following was one of the recipients of the Padmashri award in 2012 ?
(A) Anup Jalota (B) Shabana Aazmi (C) Aruna Irani (D) Leander Paes (E) Vidya Balan
Ans : (A)
34. Dr. Manmohan Singh unveiled the foundation stone of National Institute of Technology in which of the following places in Manipur?
(A) Bishnupur (B) Thoubal (C) Imphal (D) Senapati (E) Ukhrul
Ans : (C)
35. Mario Monti has taken over as the Prime Minister of–
(A) Greece (B) New Zealand (C) Russia (D) Italy (E) None of these
Ans : (D)
36. Arab countries recently decided to impose Sanctions on which of the following countries as it has failed to check violence on its land ?
(A) Egypt (B) Kuwait (C) Syria (D) Lebanon (E) Iran
Ans : (C)
37. Kangaroos won the last and final match to win series—was the news in some news papers some-times back. This means which country won the match and the series ?
(A) New Zealand (B) England (C) West Indies (D) Australia (E) South Africa
Ans : (D)
38. ‘Calorimeter’ is an instrument used to measure–
(A) Electric current (B) Heat (C) Velocity of sound (D) Altitude (E) Atmospheric pressure
Ans : (B)
39. Which of the following countries is not a member of newly formed Eurasian Union ?
(A) Russia (B) Belarus (C) Kazakhstan (D) Croatia (E) All are members of Eurasian Union
Ans : (D)
40. Govt. of India recently decided to allow more FDI in retail. This means which of the following companies will be benefitted by this decision ?
(A) Wal Mart (B) Hindalco (C) Infosys (D) Air India (E) Glaxo Smithkline Pharma
Ans : (A)
41. Which of the following states has decided to launch Right to Play Act in the state to promote sportsmanship in its children and youth ?
(A) Delhi (B) Uttar Pradesh (C) Haryana (D) Maharashtra (E) Gujarat
Ans : (C)
42. ‘Dhamra’ where an all weather port is developed, is in which of the following states ?
(A) West Bengal (B) Odisha (C) Gujarat (D) Maharashtra (E) Tamil Nadu
Ans : (B)
43. Miss Ivian Sarcos who was crowned Miss World 2011 is from which of the following
countries ?
(A) Russia (B) France (C) Brazil (D) Venezuela (E) Italy
Ans : (D)
44. Who among the following has written the novel ‘Mandra’ which was awarded prestigious ‘Saraswati Samman’ recently ?
(A) S. L. Bhyrappa (B) Vishwanath Prasad Tiwari (C) Nirmal Verma (D) Shrilal Shukla (E) Arun Sadhu
Ans : (A)
45. Which of the following countries is on its way to becoming a full-fledged member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) ?
(A) India (B) Brazil (C) USA (D) Russia (E) Australia
Ans : (D)
46. Who among the following is one of the Deputy Governors of the RBI?
(A) Shri U. K. Sinha (B) Shri Subir Gokaran
(C) Dr. M. S. Ahluwalia (D) Shri Ranjan Mathai
(E) None of these
Ans : (B)
47. The Govt. of India recently signed a peace pact with United People’s Democratic Solidarity (UPDS). The, pact will bring peace in which of the following states ?
(A) Bihar (B) Madhya Pradesh (C) Assam (D) Jharkhand (E) Maharashtra
Ans : (C)
48. Which of the following terms is associated with the game of Lawn Tennis ?
(A) Heave (B) Volley (C) Spikers (D) Hoops (E) Pitch
Ans : (B)
49. As per newspaper reports what per cent of Govt. stake will be disinvested in Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd. ?
(A) 5% (B) 7.5% (C) 10% (D) 12% (E) None of these
Ans : (C)
50. ASHA is a part of which of the following schemes launched by the Govt. of India ?
(A) Operation Black Board (B) Mid Day Meal Scheme
(C) National Old Age Pension Scheme (D) National Rural Health Mission
(E) Bharat Nirman
Ans : (D)
1. "Think. Eat. Save" is the theme for this year's?
1) World Water Day
2) World Food Day
3) World Ozone Day
4) World Environment Day
5) World Forestry Day
2.Who has been appointed as the new Chairperson of the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)?
1) Archana Bhargava
2) Sudha Sharma
3) Chitra Ramakrishna
4) Poonam Saxena
5) None of these
3.Who was appointed as the new Scientific Adviser to the Defence Minister and Director General of Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) on June1, 2013?
1) Tessy Thomas
2) K.Radhakrishnan
3) Avinash Chander
4) MYS Prasad
5) V.G.Sekaran
4.Who was appointed the Executive Chairman of Infosys, an IT major, in June 2013?
1) S.Gopalakrishnan
2) S.D.Shibulal
3) Nandan Nilekani
4) N.R.Narayana Murthy
5) V.Balakrishnan
5.Lydia Nsekera is the first woman to be elected to the Executive Committee of FIFA, the football governing body. She belongs to?
1) Rwanda
2) Uganda
3) Ghana
4) Nigeria
5) Burundi
6.Which of the following regulators celebrated its 25th anniversary in May 2013?
1) RBI
2) NABARD
3) TRAI
4) SEBI
5) IRDA
7.South-South dialogue is associated with?
1)Cooperation among developing nations
2) Arms conference
3)Summit between developed and developing countries
4) Environment
5) None of these
8.The Nobel Prize in Economics was established by the?
1) Will of Alfred Nobel
2) Sveriges Riksbank
3) Nobel Committee
4) World Bank
5) Government of Norway
9.Manas Wildlife Sanctuary is located in?
1) Jharkhand
2) Bihar
3) Assam
4) West Bengal
5) Kerala
10Telecom sector is considered as?
1) Priority sector
2) Core energy sector
3) Infrastructural sector
4) Primary sector
5) None of these
11.The National Tree of India is?
1) Mango
2) Peepal
3) Neem
4) Banyan
5) None of these
12.Who has the sole right to mint coins?
1) RBI
2)The Govern-ment of India
3) SBI
4) IOB
5) IBA
13.The Asian Tigers is a term used in reference to the four highly developed economies. Which of the following is not one of them?
1) Taiwan
2) South Korea
3) Singapore
4) Hong Kong
5) Malaysia
14.Which of the following books was written by Kamala Das?
1) Tonight This Savage Rite
2) Earth and Ashes
3) The Red Devil
4) Unaccustomed Earth
5) None
15.Which of the following countries is neither a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) nor associated with it as observer?
1) China
2) Russia
3) Kazakhstan
4) India
5) Japan
16.The Agriculture Insurance Company of India Limited was launched with the help of?
1) RBI
2) IDBI
3) SIDBI
4) NABARD
5) ECGC
17.Which of the following statements is not correct?
1)S.S.Tarapore Committee is related to Capital Account Conve-rtibility
2)Central Statistics Office is responsible for computation of National Income
3)The full form of KCC is Kisan Credit Card
4)IMF is located in Geneva
5)YH Malegam Committee is related to microfinance
18.Which of the following countries is not a member of OPEC?
1) Ecuador
2) Iran
3) Kuwait
4) Saudi Arabia
5) Russia
19.Which of the following terms is not used in the field of Banking/ Finance?
1) Refund
2) TDS
3) Goods and Services
4) Fundamental Duties
5) Relief to exporters
20.Who among the following is one of the Deputy Governors of RBI at present?
1) Rakesh Mohan
2) Parthasarathy Shome
3) Anand Sinha
4) Usha Thorat
5) Bimal Jalan
21.Which of the following organizations/institutions is called the World Bank?
1) IMF
2) IBRD
3) OECD
4) ADB
5) ECB
22.Which of the following countries is not a member of the European Union?
1) Estonia
2) Lithuania
3) Latvia
4) Slovakia
5) Lesotho
23.The Economic Survey is compiled by the?
1)Ministry of Rural Development
2) Ministry of Finance
3)Ministry of Home Affairs
4) CBDT
5) CSO
24.Which of the following countries is a member of SAARC?
1) China
2) Indonesia
3) South Korea
4) Myanmar
5) None
25.What is the full form of NSG?
1)Nuclear Submarines Group
2) National Supporters Group
3) Nuclear Suppliers Group
4)North Atlantic Supporters Group
5) None of these
26.Which of the following is the association of the countries producing and exporting petroleum and oil?
1) SCO
2) ASEAN
3) BRICS
4) OECD
5) None
27.The name of Lakshmi Niwas Mittal is associated with the manufacturing of?
1) Cement
2) Computers
3) Pharmacy products
4) Steel
5) Cell phones
28.'Blood Brothers' is a book written by?
1) M. J. Akbar
2) Shobha De
3) Kushwant Singh
4) Suketu Mehta
5) Tavleen Singh
29.Deflation refers to?
1)Price decline in specific sectors
2)Price decline in specific commodities
3)Decrease in the general price level of goods and services
4)Sudden decline in foreign exchange reserves
5) None of these
30. Which of the following is the currency of South Korea?
1) Koruna
2) Yen
3) Rouble
4) Won
5) Krona
31.What is the full form of BCBS?
1) Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
2) Bank's Committee on Banking Supervision
3) Bank's Commission on Banking Supervision
4) Basel Commission on Banking Supervision
5) None of these
32. Which of the following countries is not a member of BASIC?
1) Brazil
2) India
3) Australia
4) South Africa
5) China
33.The difference between a country's imports and its exports is called?
1) Balance of trade
2) Balance of payment
3) Fiscal deficit
4) Gains from trade
5) None of these
34.Rosa Thermal Power plant is located in?
1) Jharkhand
2) Bihar
3) Haryana
4) Uttar Pradesh
5) Madhya Pradesh
35.India is not a member of which of the following organizations?
1) SAARC
2) BRICS
3) WTO
4) World Bank
5) OPEC
36.Audi, an automobile manufacturer, is based in?
1) France
2) Japan
3) Germany
4) USA
5) Italy
37.Chinnaswamy stadium is located in which of the following states?
1) Kerala
2) Karnataka
3) Tamil Nadu
4) Andhra Pradesh
5) Maharashtra
38.Which Act was introduced to combat financing of terrorism and other illegal activities?
1) Banking Regulation Act
2) FRBM
3) FEMA
4) Anti Money Laundering Act
5) None of these
39.The Finance Minister presents the Union Budget on which of the following days?
1) In the last week of February
2) In the first week of February
3) On the last day of February
4)On the last working day of February
5)On the first working day of April
40.Which of the following terms is used in Economics?
1) Plasma
2) Coulomb's Law
3) Achromatic
4) Troposphere
5) Inclusive growth
41.Who was conferred 'Commandeur de la Legion d'Honneur'(Legion of Honor), France's highest civilian honor, in February 2013?
1) M.S.Swaminathan
2) Amartya Sen
3) Ratan Tata
4) Ela Bhatt
5) Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
42.Which team won the inaugural Hockey India League in February 2013?
1) Ranchi Rhinos
2) Delhi Wave Riders
3) Uttar Pradesh Wizards
4) Jaypee Punjab Warriors
5) Mumbai Magicians
43.Which of the following is an employment generation program of the Government of India?
1) ASHA
2) SGSY
3) Midday Meal
4) Pulse Polio
5) Janani Suraksha
Answers:
1) 4; 2) 2; 3) 3; 4) 4; 5) 5; 6) 4; 7) 1; 8) 2; 9) 3; 10) 3; 11) 4; 12) 2; 13) 5; 14) 1; 15) 5; 16) 4; 17) 4; 18) 5; 19) 4; 20) 3; 21) 2; 22) 5; 23) 2; 24) 5; 25) 3; 26) 5;27) 4; 28) 1; 29) 3; 30) 4; 31) 1; 32) 3; 33) 1; 34) 4; 35) 5; 36) 3; 37) 2; 38) 4; 39) 4; 40)5;
41) 2; 42) 1; 43) 2.
1. Indian Commercial Banks are categorized into:
a) Public sector Banks
b)Foreign Banks
c) Private Sector Banks
d) All of the above
e) None
2. Regional Rural Banks have been set up with the basic objectives of:
a) Providing credit to semi - urban & urban population
b) Providing deposits facilities to farmers
c) Providing credit & deposit facilities to rural areas
d) providing credit, deposit and other banking facilities to people in rural areas
e) None
3. _____ is raised in capital markets
a) Funds through long term securities
b) Long term loans through Govt. securities
c) medium term loans
d) Short - term instruments
e) None
4. Interest on Government secu-rities on fixed basis is known as:
a) Bank rate
b) Coupon
c) Prime Lending Rate
d) Bench mark PLR
e) None
5. __ was not nationalized in 1969:
a) Punjab National Bank
b) Oriental Bank of commerce
c) Bank of Baroda
d) Union Bank of India
e) None
6. In the first round 14 major banks with a liability base of ____ were nationalized:
a) 10 crore or more
b) 20 crore or more
c) 50 crore or more
d) 100 crore or more
e) None
7. _____ do not attract TDS:
a) Fixed deposits
b) Reinvestment depositsc) NRO SB
d) NRO FDR
e) Recurring deposits
8. SLR is maintained as a percentage of:
a) Time liabilities
b) Demand liabilities
c) Time and Demand liabilities
d) Gross time and demand liabilities
e) Net demand and time Liabilities
9. The maximum Statutory Liquidity Ratio to be maintained by banks is_____:
a) 25%
b) 30%
c) 35%
d) 40%
e) None
10. CRR funds are kept by the Banks in ____:
a) Cash in hand at branches
b) Balance with other banks
c) Balance in a special Account with RBI
d) Funds in the currency chest
e) None
11. An increase in CRR by RBI leads to:
a) Decrease in deposit
b) increase in deposit
c) Increase in lendable resources
d) Decrease in lendable resources
e) None
12. When RBI reduce the CRR it results into:
a) Decrease in deposit
b) increase in deposit
c) Increase in lendable resources
d) Decrease in lendable resources
e) None
13. What is meant by development Oriented banking?
a) Infrastructure financing
b) Extending loans to States, which are undevelopment
c) Taking up the task of develo-pment of the economy by providing support to under privileged sections of the society
d) All the above
e) None
14. Principal functions of SIDBI:
a) Promotion of SSI
b) Finance of SSI
c) Development of SSI
d) All the above
e) None
15. ____ heads and conducts the affairs of RBI:
a) Central Board
b) local board
c) Regional board
d) All of the above
e) None
16. RBI Provides ____ for meeting day - to - day receipt and expenditure mismatch to both Central and State Governments.
a) treasury bills
b) Ways and Means advance
c) date and securities
d) All the above
e) None
17. RBI known as lender of last resort because:
a) It has to meet the credit need of citizens to whom no one else is willing to lend
b) Banks lend to go to RBI as a last resort
c) It comes to help banks in times of crisis
d) All of the above
e) None
18. These days RBI uses Selective credit control measures rather infrequently because of:
a) Deregulation of functions
b) Autonomy given to banks
c) Comfortable liquidity
d) Reasonable inflation level
e) All the above
19. Which is incorrect with regard to powers of RBI:
a) Holds cash reserve banks
b) Controls banking system through licensing
c) Supervises Banking system through inspection
d) None of the above
e) All
20.Intervenes in markets to maintain the external value of the Indian rupee:
a) Exporters
b) Importers
c) RBI
d) IMF
e) None
21. In India, forex rates are determined by:
a) Importers b) Exporters
c) RBI d) Ministry of commerce
e) Demand and supply forces
22. Regional Rural Banks were set up on the recommendations of:
a) Nariman committee
b) Narasimham committee
c) Gadgil committee
d) Puri committee
e) None
23. committee, launched the process of reforms of financial system in India:
a) Gadgil committee
b) Nariman committee
c) Narasimham committee
d) khanna Committee
e) None
24. Which of the following can be categories as a Merchant Banking service?
a) Consultancy on finance to a company
b) Advance in capital structure
c) Managing mergers
d) Helping in finalizing take over
e) All the above
25. The instrument which provides proprietary interest in company and which entitles a person to dividend on profits, is called?
a) Bond
b) Share
c) Debenture
d) Warrant
e) Any of the above
26. Which of the following provides proper definition of a Mutual Funds?
a) It is an association of members of public
b) These members want to invest in financial instrument
c) They want to invest in financial instrument assts of business sector
d) All the above
e) None
27. Which of the following organisations/agencies works solely to monitor and arrange flow of agriculture credit in India?
a)NABARD
b) SIDBI
c) RBI
d)SEBI
e) None of these
28. The currency notes of which of the following denominations are not printed in India ?
a) Rs. 5
b) Rs. 10
c) Rs. 50
d) Rs. 2500
e) Rs. 1000
29. Which of the following is not the name of a bank functioning in India?
a) Central Bank of India
b) UCO Bank
c) Aegon Religare
d) Dena Bank
e) ICICI Bank
30. When banks accept a fixed sum of money from an individual for a definite term and pay on maturity with interest, the deposit is known as :
a) Term Deposit
b) Demand Deposit
c) Bond
d) Mortgage
e) Advance.
31. Which of the following terms NOT used in banking/finance related matters ?
a) Discount Rate
b) Letter of credit
c) Policy Rate
d) Exchange rate
e) Base rate
32. Who amongst the following is the chief of SEBI?
a) Milind Bhave
b) UK Sinha
c) Shashikath Verma
d) Shyamala Gopinath
e) None of these
33. Which of the following is a leading electronic-payment tec-hnology firm?
a) Visa
b) Max
c) BSE
d) Sensex
e) SWAP
34. Global Market means market of :
a) USA
b) China
c) OPEC members
d) European union countries
e) All major countries and their alliances
Answers:
1) d; 2) d; 3) a; 4) b; 5) b; 6) c; 7) e; 8) e; 9) d; 10) c;
11) d; 12) c; 13) c; 14) d; 15) a; 16) b; 17) c; 18) e; 19) d; 20) c;
21) e; 22) b; 23) c; 24) e; 25) b; 26) d; 27) a; 28) d; 29) c; 30) a;
31) e; 32) b; 33) a; 34) e;
